The five most common methods of inspecting welds are visual inspection, radiographic inspection, ultrasonic inspection, magnetic particle inspection, and liquid penetrant inspection. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages, so choosing the correct method for each application is essential.

Welding is an essential process in many industries, and it’s crucial that the welds are inspected to ensure they’re strong and effective. There are several ways that inspectors can examine welds, and each has its advantages and disadvantages. In this blog post, we’ll take a look at five common methods of weld inspection.

Common ways to inspect welds

The welds’ size is significant in many instances, as it can often directly relate to the strength of the weld and associated performance; undersized welds will not withstand the pressure applied during operation. Weld quality is also essential.

These are imperfections within or adjacent to the weld, which may or may not, depending on their size and location, prevent the weld from achieving its intended performance.

Typically, these discontinuities, when of unacceptable size or location, are called weld defects and can sometimes cause premature weld failure by reducing weld strength or producing stress concentrations in the welded component.

Welds are critical parts of any equipment or structure. To ensure the integrity of the welds, they must be inspected thoroughly. This is because some welds fail when placed under load. And to avoid this, there are several techniques for testing welds, widely called non-destructive testing (NDT).

VISUAL INSPECTION TEST

Visual inspection is one of the most cost-effective and basic non-destructive welding inspection types. All other NDTs must be performed after a rigorous Visual Inspection, which can be done on-site, with the aid of a magnifying glass, or with devices and instruments for remote inspection.

It is a method to determine the acceptability of components manufactured by machining, welding, or any other production process. However, the work depends almost only on the individual assessment of each inspector.

PENETRATING LIQUID TEST

As the name implies, this test operates on a principle of action whereby fluid as a fluorescent or non-fluorescent dye is applied to a solder surface. The liquid is attracted to defective areas on the surface of the material (between 15 and 30 minutes) through capillary action and then withdrawn to reveal itself for detection using UV lights or other methods, depending on the type of penetrant dye used.

MAGNETIC PARTICLES INSPECTION (MPI)

This is a very cheap and quick weld inspection method; however, it is only used to check for surface imperfections on row welds, and it can only be used on ferrous metals.

Defect-free ferromagnetic material (typically iron or steel) transfers magnetic flux through the material without interruption. However, when a crack or other discontinuity is present, magnetic flux leaks out of the material.

As it leaks, the magnetic flux (magnetic field) will collect ferromagnetic particles (iron dust), which makes the size and shape of the flaw easily visible.

RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION (Graphics)

Radiographic inspections are used when welded components require a very critical inspection technique due to their application. The basic principle of radiographic welding inspection is the same as medical radiography.

When a radiographic inspection is performed penetrating radiation is passed through a solid object from which a radiograph is produced. This will show irregularities in the weld when verified by an experienced radiographer interpreter.

ULTRASOUND INSPECTION

This method can detect surface and internal irregularities in the welding of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. It works by transmitting high-frequency pulsating sound waves through the solder and sending the results to a monitor.

If the pulse comes into contact with an irregularity in the weld, the waves are sent back to the transmitter and appear on the monitor screen. The defect can be observed accurately but requires an experienced operator to interpret traces on the monitor.

What is the most common method of inspecting welds?

Visual inspection is the most common method of weld inspection and can be used to identify cracks, incomplete fusion, and other defects. X-ray weld inspection is another common method that you can use to detect internal weld defects that are not visible to the naked eye.

The visual testing method can be performed by direct line-of-sight, or you can use mirrors, borescopes, or remote devices. Visual inspections are simple and less technologically advanced compared to other methods.

What is the purpose of welding inspections?

Weld inspection aims to ensure the weld meets all the required specifications. This includes verifying the weld size, shape, and location. Inspectors also check for defects that could affect the strength or function of the weld.

For example, welds may be rejected if they are too shallow or if they have incomplete fusion. In addition to weld inspections, inspectors also often perform nondestructive testing (NDT) on welds. NDT can be used to identify potential weaknesses in a weld before it fails. As a result, welding inspection is essential for ensuring the safety and quality of welds.

Perhaps the most fundamental reason is to determine if the weld is of adequate quality for the intended application. Many errors and production failures are due to poorly executed welding and catching the problem before an accident occurs is only possible by a thorough weld inspection.

Another common reason to inspect welds is to evaluate the capabilities of the welders on your team. You can evaluate their performance working with various materials and techniques.

What are the Benefits of Welding Inspection?

Weld inspections are a critical part of the welding process, providing a valuable check on the quality of welds. By carefully inspecting welds, welders can ensure that they meet all the required specifications.

This, in turn, helps to ensure the safety and integrity of the final product. Weld inspection can also help identify potential problems early on before they cause any damage.

Another great advantage of welding inspection is the guarantee of compliance with technical manufacturing standards, such as ASME and AWS.

These standards are in place to prevent troubles created by poor welds. As a result, weld inspection is an essential part of the welding process and should not be overlooked.

What is done during a welding inspection?

A weld inspection is a critical part of the welding process. It is conducted to ensure that the weld is of the highest quality and meets all required specifications. The inspection includes checking the weld for defects, such as cracks, voids, or porosity.

The welders must also inspect the weld joint for alignment and proper fit-up. In addition, the welders will check for any signs of slag or metal spatter. Once the weld inspection is complete, the welders can then move on to the next step in the welding process.

The most common problems encountered involve slag inclusion, porosity, cracks, misalignments, undercuts and lack of fusion, and lack of penetration. It is best to have qualified professionals such as welding inspectors perform the inspection to ensure the weld quality.

What is the most effective way to inspect a weld?

There are various ways to inspect a weld, but some methods are more effective than others. One common practice is to use a visual inspection, which you can do with the naked eye or with the aid of a magnifying glass.

This method can help identify surface defects, but it is often insufficient to identify deeper flaws. Another option is to use X-rays to inspect the weld. This method is much more effective at identifying hidden defects, but it is also more expensive and time-consuming.

In general radiographic weld inspection is the most effective way to inspect a weld. Although this is a slow and expensive NDT (non-destructive testing)method, it is reliable to detect porosity, inclusions, cracks, and voids within the weld.

As a result, many welders rely on random inspections to ensure that their welds are up to code. While this method is not perfect, it is often the only practical option. By randomly selecting welds for inspection, welders can ensure that all of their welds are inspected regularly and that any potential problems are caught early.

Radiographic weld inspection uses X-rays or gamma rays to detect all discontinuities by visualizing the weld shape and variations in the density of the processed film. The basic principle of radiographic weld inspection is the same as medical radiography.

It applies to various branches of industry, such as oil and gas pipelines, petrochemical industry, aeronautical industry, etc. Ultimately, the best way to inspect a weld depends on the circumstances and the level of quality control desired.

How Do You Examine Welds?

Welding is a complex process that requires specific equipment and expertise. The welds have to be of high quality, so these procedures need to be conducted carefully in order not only to produce good work but also to avoid any problems during production.

The entire welding system entails many steps. Each one plays an integral role in achieving this goal – from prepping materials until final assembly on-site at your customer’s location.

When welding is finished, a complete visual inspection of welds according to the codes and standards is performed to detect possible “discontinuities,” such as cracks, porosities, lack of deposition, shrinkage, spatter, and other problems.

Welding is a critical process in the construction of pipelines and other structures. In order to ensure the quality of the weld, inspections must be performed regularly. However, welders often work in difficult or dangerous environments, which can make it difficult to inspect all welds thoroughly.

In general, learning to weld is hard because it is an intricate process that requires plenty of practice, coordination, and commitment to master. However, the difficulty levels are different depending on the type of welding process you’re learning.

Welding can be a difficult skill to learn, but it is also an incredibly rewarding one. It can be tough to know where to begin if you are just starting out. This blog post provides some tips that will help you succeed.

Is Welding Hard?

Welding is one of the few careers that are on the rise. About 50% of everything produced worldwide needs welding (from computers to cars, from small stairs to large bridges and buildings). If there’s something with metallic components near you, there’s a welder behind it.

Because welding plays such a significant role in the production of products, learning to weld can be a tremendous benefit? Plus, learning something new doesn’t hurt anyone, and almost anyone can learn how to weld with enough patience and practice.

Anyway, whatever your reason, you’ve come to the right place to learn about welding because we’ll talk about welding, its benefits, and even its types. Before we get into the welding tips, it’s essential to know what makes welding hard in the first place.

Why is welding hard to learn?

Welding is hard because it takes a lot of practice to get good at it. You need to be able to balance the heat and control the weld puddle. If you are not careful, you can easily create a bad weld that could lead to dangerous situations.

In order to become a successful welder, you need to have some basic skills and knowledge:

-You need to understand the various welding processes.

-You need to understand metal properties and thickness.

-You need to know how to set up your equipment correctly.

-You need to be aware of safety hazards associated with welding.

-You need to know what PPE proper personal equipment is needed for your job.

Now that you know what makes welding hard, let’s go over some basic tips that will make learning easier and safer:

10 Welding Tips

Tip #01: Practice, practice, practice!

The best way to improve your welding skills is to practice as often as possible. If you can find a welding buddy, that’s even better! The more you weld, the better you will become.

Tip #02: Use the right equipment

If you are using the wrong equipment, it will be challenging to achieve good results when welding. Make sure you are using quality products and tools in order to get the best results.

Tip #03: Follow instructions carefully

Welding can be dangerous if done incorrectly. Make sure you follow all safety instructions closely to avoid any injuries. Also, never try to weld without proper training; this is a surefire way to get hurt.

Tip #04: Use the right welding technique

There are many different types of welding techniques. Make sure you are using the right one for the project you are working on. Using the wrong approach can lead to poor results and could even damage your workpiece.

Tip #05: Take care of your equipment

Welding equipment is expensive, so it’s essential to take care of it. Make sure you are cleaning and storing your equipment properly after each use. This will help ensure that your equipment lasts longer and continues to work correctly.

I typically advise beginners to start with a 220-volt multi-process machine. The higher voltage works well for various metals, and the multi-process feature lets you learn different welding styles.

Tip #6: Wear the proper personal protective equipment for welding

Welding can be dangerous if you are not wearing the proper personal protective equipment. Ensure you wear welding gloves, a welding helmet, and other safety gear when working with metal. This will help protect you from injuries.

Tip #08: Stay focused

Welding is a precision job. You must stay focused on what you’re doing in order to produce quality welds. Don’t get distracted by anything else going on around you while you are working. A misstep can cause a severe injury to yourself or others.

Tip #09: Take care of yourself

In hot climates, drink plenty of water and take breaks often to avoid heat exhaustion. In cold temperatures, dress in layers and take frequent breaks to prevent hypothermia. Welding is a dangerous job so take appropriate steps to lower your risk of injury.

Tip #10: Use the right tools

Welding is a precise job. Make sure you are using the correct tools for the task at hand. This will help ensure that your welds are of high quality.

Now that you have some tips to help you succeed at welding, get out there and give it a try. Remember always to wear safety gear and stay focused while you work. And most importantly, have fun!

Bonus Tip: Join a welding club or class

If you want to learn more about welding, join a welding club or take a welding class. There are many resources available.

Welding can be a challenging skill to learn, but you can become a pro with practice! Follow these tips to help you succeed at welding:

The Benefits of Welding

Welding is an essential skill that can provide many benefits. Not only is it a great way to develop valuable metalworking skills, but it can also lead to interesting and exciting career opportunities.

• Welding is a great way to make repairs around the house
• It’s a great hobby for people who like to work with their hands
• Welders are in high demand, so there are plenty of job opportunities available
• Welding can be used to create all sorts of different projects, from furniture to art pieces
• It’s a very versatile skill that can be used in many industries

Welding for beginners

Learning the art of welding is helpful from a practical point of view and for the possible development of a new profession. These professionals are in demand because this type of work is an integral part of most industrial areas.

Welding Processes are used for joining materials, particularly metals and their alloys, through almost immediate fusion, followed by the solidification of the components when exposed to a source of heat.

Widely used in industry, they serve the manufacture and recovery of parts, equipment, and metallic structures. Its application ranges from small electronic components to large structures and equipment (bridges, ships, cars, among others).

For beginners, it’s better to comprehend the core types of welding procedures available, how each machine functions, and expertise in handling it. It is essential to match your main welding requirements and skills with a type of process.

This step is important to proceed with the specific options for each welding machine model. Let’s have a quick view of the most common types of welding processes:

Types of Welding and Their Processes

There are many types of welding these days. Each of these types has characteristics that make them more or less suitable for certain activities. Let’s see a little more about them below.

Manual arc welding aka Stick welding and shielded metal arc welding

Of all Industrial Welding, the one performed with the manual arc is the oldest. Also called MMA or SMAW, this is the most common process for welding in workplaces, industries, or home jobs.

An electric arc burns between an electrode and the material in this process.

No shielding gas is used in welding. The coated electrode forms a shielding gas to protect the fusion and provides additives to create the seam.

TIG

TIG Welding can also be called Gas Tungsten Welding and is considered the most challenging method and therefore requires more skill and experience to master. It requires you to regulate gas flow while simultaneously welding.

In the TIG process, the heating is obtained through an electric arc generated with the aid of a non-consumable tungsten electrode which must not melt to avoid defects or discontinuities in the weld bead.

MIG

MIG Welding or Metal Inert Gas is a type of welding considered semi-automatic.

It is commonly used in the manufacturing and automotive industries besides other types of factories.

The MIG welding process can be defined as a fusion welding process, which uses the heat of an electric arc formed between a consumable metallic electrode and the puddle.

Both the arc and the weld pool are protected from contamination by the atmosphere by a gas or a mixture of gases. This is the preferred method for beginners to learn.

Flux-cored wire welding

Considered the fastest method of Industrial Welding, Arc Welding with flux-cored wire is the most common process and applied in the most diverse industries and professional areas.

The flux-cored shielded wire process is defined as a process of fusion welding, where the heat needed to bond the parts is supplied by an electric arc established between the metal pieces and a wire fed continuously.

Oxygas welding

Oxygas welding uses energy as fuel to produce heat capable of melting the material to be worked. It usually occurs in the following way: the two metals are joined with another filler metal through a flame coming from the torch. Thus, the molten metal and filler metal form a liquid that solidifies when cooled.

Welding with Coated Electrode

Welding with coated electrodes is widely used and suitable for working with steel. The Coated Electrode causes the substances of the materials to be crushed and mixed, thus forming a homogeneous mass that binds the materials.

How to Get Started with Welding

Before working on a welding project, pull out some scrap metal pieces to work with. Using scrap will let you practice without worrying about messing up. You need to install your consumable electrode in your welder or its unique holder and attach the grounding clamp to the metal you’re going to weld.

Put on your gloves, welding helmet, and boots, and get ready to start your first project. Hold the electrode slightly above the metal at approximately 65 degrees once the arc is ignited. Guide the electrode in a tight circular motion above the metal to obtain a uniform weld trace.

Welding beads are placed end to end to each other, receive an arc, and conduct an electrode along the connecting line. Here, the movements must not be straight (along the seam) but oscillatory (right, then left).

After cooling, the outer slag layer is knocked out with a chipping hammer, and the quality of the bead is visually evaluated. A good weld should be the same thickness, with no visible voids and crevices.

After practicing for an hour or two, most novice welders can strike an arc and keep it burning.

Where Can you Learn About Welding, (on-the-job training, union apprenticeships, welding schools)?

You can learn to weld by reading a basic DIY (DIY) book on the subject or attending a workshop class. Private programs, union apprenticeships, and educational courses taught at trade schools are ways to learn to weld at a reasonable rate.

Unions are a great place to gain welding experience. Most have an apprenticeship program and offer outstanding benefits and opportunities to advance.

In classes, you can learn the various tools of the trade, study standard techniques, and squeeze in some practice time as well. Many people learning to weld may also choose to earn a welding degree to enhance job opportunities and gain a deeper knowledge of the trade.

A few weeks of training provides enough knowledge for low-skill welding work. In addition, several years of experience can help you land a highly qualified job.

Welding is a high-risk profession because it involves extreme heat, high voltage electricity, and dangerous gases. Not only are welders risking life and limb by handling working with these hazardous materials, but there are also invisible risks.

At the same time, welding is one of the most common occupations in the industrial sector, and even with risk control measures, many workplace accidents still occur. It is essential to be aware of the risks before becoming a welder. Here are seven reasons why welding is a high-risk job.

1. Welders are exposed to dangerous fumes and gases,

Welders are constantly exposed to dangerous fumes and gases. It is no surprise that overexposure to welding fumes and gases can be harmful to operators’ health. Welding smoke contains potentially harmful complex metal oxide compounds such as manganese, hydrogen fluoride, nitrogen oxide.

Inhaling these fumes is one of the most severe hazards for welders because these welding fumes contain substances that in the long-term cause illness. Many of the symptoms and diseases that welding fumes can cause only manifest when welders are exposed to them for an extended period.

It is, therefore, imperative that you protect yourself against welding fumes by wearing the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), even if you feel you are not being affected. Not all dangerous welding fumes are noticeable until it’s too late.

Serious illnesses related to exposure to various types of welding fumes include MFF, lung cancer, asthma, ulcerations in the nostrils, skin ulcers (called “chronic ulcers”), allergies, allergic contact dermatitis, fertility, and reproduction problems.

2. Exposure to high temperatures

Welders often work with extreme temperatures, which can lead to health problems. The human body has a system for maintaining its temperature. It tries really hard not to let that go too high or low—but we’re talking about welders working in extreme temperatures with heavy protective clothing.

When welding in high temperatures, the body produces excessive heat and uses these regulatory mechanisms to lose it to keep its body temperature constant.

Risks increase with high humidity, which decreases the cooling effect of sweating, and with prolonged physical exertion, increases the amount of heat produced by the muscles.

Welders that work in extreme heat can develop increased irritability, feebleness, depression, anxiety, and inability to concentrate. In the most severe cases, physical changes such as dehydration, rash (purple blisters on the affected area of ​​the skin), and cramps (spasms and pain in the muscles of the abdomen and extremities) can occur.

3. Welders may be injured or killed by electrocution

There is a high risk of electric shock while welding. It is one of the most severe hazards faced by a welder. It can lead to serious injury and even death, either from the shock itself or a possible fall caused by the reaction to the shock.

An electric shock occurs when welders touch two metal objects with a voltage between them, inserting themselves into the electrical circuit. The higher the voltage, the greater the current and therefore the greater the risk of electric shock resulting in injury or death.

A primary voltage shock–even more severe–can occur when the welder electrically touches “hot” parts within the electrical distribution system to which it is connected. This action can lead to a 230 or 460-volt shock.

The most common type of electrical shock is secondary voltage shock from an arc welding circuit, which ranges from 20 to 100 volts. Keep in mind that even a shock of 50 volts or fewer can be enough to injure or kill an operator, depending on the conditions.

When not in use but still on, most welding equipment has a voltage ranging from 20 to 100 volts in the welding circuit, and voltages inside the welding equipment can range from 120 volts to over 575 volts, which also poses a risk of electric shock.

4. Welders are at risk for burns from the sparks and flames

Welders can be seriously injured if they come into contact with hot metal. Burns are usually caused by splashes, i.e., splashes of molten metal that, when touching the skin, can cause severe burns. If it reaches the eyes, it can be even more dangerous, in which case the risk is to go blind.

Welders have a high risk of burns due to using hot objects/substances and the emitted UV radiation. It can cause various pathological effects, such as burns, skin pigmentation changes, immunological changes, and neoplasms.

Excessive exposure is more harmful to the eyes and skin, where it causes several changes. UV radiation can cause everything from erythema (“sunburn”) to an increased incidence of skin cancer.

5. Welders are exposed to hazardous working environments:

Welders are subjected to many physical, biological, and chemical risks, which are enhanced when working in a hazardous environment. They may have to work in dangerous locations, such as on bridges or near traffic.

Welders are responsible for bonding iron and steel on buildings, bridges, and roads. Their work often consists of climbing up on large structures and using equipment to cut, bend, and weld heavy metal. Falls are one of the most common fatal occupational accidents in structural ironwork.

While working on bridges or in high altitudes or near traffic, welders may face furious winds or dust, which can cause them to lose their balance or disrupt their ability to concentrate, resulting in an accident. The wires, sparks, and other mechanical gear can become a potential risk for the welder.

Welders also work in the oil fields to assist in the setup, maintenance, and operation of derricks and equipment used to extract oil and gas and mine for materials. Pipeline welders construct and maintain pipelines that transport oil, sometimes over rough terrain and in harsh conditions.

In addition, working in such places with heavy gear can make it a tiresome job. Then, there are situations where a welder has to work in a confined space, such as tanks, pipes, and pits. Inert gases and some chemical responses can diminish or even substitute the amount of oxygen in these places.

Working in a hazardous environment can become challenging if you are not competent to adhere to the safety measures. But to work in complex and unsafe conditions, you must follow the safety guidelines for your job. I recommend having a safety checklist for each welding project.

6. Welding is a physically demanding

The welder’s job can be physically demanding and cause back injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, and other health issues. Static and dynamic physical loads during welding cause an overload of the body’s nervous and musculoskeletal systems.

Static loads depend on the mass of the welding tool (electrode holder, semi-automatic hose holder), the flexibility of hoses and wires, duration of continuous work, and working posture (standing, sitting, half-sitting, kneeling, lying on the back).

The most significant physical effect is felt when performing welding work while half-sitting and standing when welding in the ceiling position or lying on your back in hard-to-reach places. Incorrect posture causes muscle imbalance in the spine by overloading joints and intervertebral discs in the long term.

Welders are often asked to work in confined spaces for weeks or months to complete a project. I knew a welder that worked in the shipping building industry. He told me that it was common for him to work in a cramped position for eight hours a day.

Dynamic load is associated with performing heavy auxiliary work: delivery of workpieces, welding materials, lifting, and transport devices, turning of welded units to the job site. Such loads cause fatigue of welders and back pain/back injuries.

The risk is of developing Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI), or Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMD) is greater in welding. These include, for example, tendonitis, bursitis, epicondylitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, ruptured rotator cuff tendons–these are some of the complicated names of diseases that a welder is always prone to develop.

7. Welding can cause blindness.

While welding is a safe process when done correctly, there are some risks associated with it. In this blog post, we’ll discuss some of the dangers of welding, including the risk of blindness and hearing impairment.

If you are a welder, be sure to take precautions to protect your eyes and ears, it’s essential for your long-term well-being. Welding can cause blindness and impair hearing. Welders should always wear the appropriate safety gear, including goggles and earplugs.

When welding, the spark creates an intense light that could damage your retina when looked at without a welding shield. You can get welders flash, which is temporary blindness that goes away after some time. However, prolonged exposure to the welding spark can cause permanent blindness. If you experience any blindness, you should see a doctor.

Conclusion

When you think about the risks of welding, it’s easy to see why this profession is considered high-risk. Welders are constantly exposed to extreme temperatures and harmful substances that can have severe consequences on their health.

They work in a dangerous environment where they’re at risk for burns, injuries from metal shavings or sparks, and even death due to electrocution if they don’t take proper precautions. With so many hazards surrounding them all day long, welders need protective gear and training to stay safe.

Although welding is a high-risk job, it’s not all bad. There are certain safety precautions that you can take to protect yourself from many of these risks. Workers can mitigate dangers by wearing personal protective gear and through proper training.

Our seven reasons aren’t an exclusive list – there are other dangers out there – but instead hit on the most prevalent risk for those who weld.

There are many benefits of joining unions for welders. Welding unions work to ensure safe, healthy environments so members can enjoy a good quality of life. Unions also negotiate better salaries and retirement benefits that their members deserve.

For many welders joining a welding union is the first step in their career, but it has drawbacks that make them unappealing for some.

In this guide, I answer the following questions and more:

• Should a welder join a union? What are the benefits and disadvantages?
• How much do union welders make?
• Which welding unions should a welder join?
• And more…

Should a Welder Join a Union?

You might be wondering if it is worth joining a welders’ union to get a job. You know welders have many other options because demand is high for those willing to work.

You could work as an independent welder or open your own business with yourself by starting up your own small construction company; however, these paths won’t always guarantee income stability.

So what is the best decision for you, join or union or work as a non-union welder? Before you make a snap decision, let’s look at some of the benefits union welders have:

Benefits of Welder Unions: Top Reasons to Join a Union

When welders come together, things become better for everyone. Joining welder unions has several benefits, and so it is little wonder that more than 1/4th of all welders in the United States belong to welding unions. Here are some of the main benefits of joining a union:

#1. Better wages and benefits

Through a union, workers can demand better wages, decent work hours, medical and retirement benefits, and more family time. Welders who belong to unions get a collective bargaining power. A welder without a coalition backing him may not be in a position to negotiate for better wages and benefits, as mentioned earlier. 

Through the union, welders can negotiate and renegotiate their work contracts with their employers. They can renegotiate their salary, seek better work-life balance, the number of work hours they are comfortable with, paid sick leaves, and comprehensive safety policies. 

Unions can also help increase worker compensations, minimum wages, Family Medical Leave Act, and American Disability Act.

 A welder who works at an unionized workplace is also more likely to have 401K plans, pension plans, IRA, and other retirement benefits which solo or freelance welders may not get.

The most crucial advantage of unions is that they ensure that the workplaces meet the most stringent safety standards. 

#2. Protection of member’s rights

A welder that does not belong to any union is at a greater risk of being fired for things that sometimes don’t even happen at the workplace. With unions, these rights can be are protected. A welder will have a permanent workplace advocate, thanks to the association. Should a disciplinary process takes place against the welder, they can contest it and ensure that the grievance procedures are followed.

#3. Unions can be extremely beneficial during a crisis

The world has been battling the Covid-19 pandemic for the past couple of years. Now more than ever, the pandemic has highlighted the need for unions. Unions have given welders a collective voice during the crisis. Many unionized welders could secure enhanced safety measures, sick/leave pay, and work-share arrangements to save jobs.

#4. The union difference is clear

If the above benefits are still not impressive, then take a look at some of the statistics:

• Health insurance and pension plans

According to the AFSCME (American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees) California website, union members can have better health insurance and pension plans. Nearly 95% of union members have health insurance and pension plans against the 68% (health insurance) and 63% (pension) of workers not belonging to unions.

• Sick leave

According to the AFL-CIO (American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations), almost 91% of workers in a union received paid sick leaves as against 73% that are not in a union. (The AFL-CIO is the largest federation of unions. It is reported to have 12 million workers worldwide.)

• Higher median wages per week

The weekly earnings of unionized welders are estimated to be nearly $200 more in their median weekly wages compared to non-unionized workers.

• Better rights for minorities

The median weekly wages for unionized Latinos could be almost $300 more than for Latinos not with a union. Likewise, the median weekly wages for unionized Blacks are nearly $200 more than those without union membership.

Cons of Joining Welding Unions

It is good to know about the downside of joining welding unions. This will help you make an informed decision:

#1. High union fees

Joining a union isn’t free or cheap. Some unions ask members to pay nearly two hours’ worth of work wages per month, while some charge a fee between $200 and $500 per year. This can be a significant amount for someone just starting out. Also, there are other fees involved in union memberships like an apprenticeship, initiation fees, and annual/monthly fees. These can also add up.

#2. Could lead to discord between the workers and the companies

Sometimes, unions pitch their members against their client company, negatively impacting the workplace culture. Often, unions do not allow workers and Company officials to work towards the same goals. Also, there may be members that do not agree with the changes the unions suggest. This, too, can lead to tension and conflicts between workers and the union.

#3. Could lead to political tension

Some worker unions are affiliated with lobbyists and governments at the local, state, and federal levels. If a member does not agree or support these causes, there could be conflicts. A worker would still have to join in the strikes even if they don’t want to.

Now that you know what joining a union entails let us move on to the unions one can join as a welder.

Which Unions Can Welders Join in the USA?

You can choose between Ironworkers, Pipefitters, or Boilermaker unions as a welder.

Joining a union is not straightforward; you need to meet specific pre-requisites. These prerequisites differ from union to union. Some unions have rigorous education and experience related-requirements, while others may demand mandatory work experience or apprenticeship.

Most welder unions require their members to get mandatory AWS certification. AWS stands for the American Welding Society. The basic AWS certified welding program is open to all, and there are no prerequisites or courses you need to take for it. You can appear for the certification exam at any accredited testing facility or give the exam online.

Ironworkers

When you belong to the Ironworkers union, you can get jobs in the construction industry. You will be working on private, commercial, residential, and industrial building projects. You could be involved in constructing or repairing roads and highways, on tall buildings, etc. 

You must know how to use different welding tools outdoors just as you use them in the workshop. As an Ironworker, your primary responsibility would be using welding tools in workshops or outdoors, demolition of structures, and installing iron structures.

Here are some pre-requisites for joining the Ironworkers’ union:

• Age 18+ years
• Education – minimum high school diploma, GED
• Physically strong, agile, and have a good sense of balance
• Refrain from drugs and alcohol consumption
• Abide by citizenship laws

To find the local Ironworker’s unions, click here.

Boilermakers

The only pre-requisite to joining a Boilermaker’s Apprenticeship Program is to be 18 years of age. You also need to show a copy of your high school diploma or GED. You will also need to read the Guidelines for Apprenticeship Approved Standards.

If you have experience in welding, you will be grouped with other experienced welders. Applicants then go through a random selection process to be indentured into an apprenticeship program. Veterans are given top priority in this selection.

Boilermaker welders work in the energy industry, and you will be responsible for working on turbines, steam engines, etc. You’d also be skilled in tank cleaning, extensive pipe maintenance, and reducing air pollution in chimneys.

Click here to join union boilermaker.

Pipefitters

Pre-requisites for joining pipefitters union include:

• At least 17 years of age
• Must be a citizen of the US or must have applied for the naturalization process
• High school diploma or GED
• Driver’s license
• Pay a fee, and apply for an aptitude test. 
• If they reach the cut-off score in the aptitude test, candidates will have to give a drug test.

Pipefitters perform complex tasks like pipe cutting and threading. They also perform maintenance on large pipe systems and replace the worn-out parts. 

Click here to find out more.

Do Union Welders Make More Money Than Non-Union Welders?

In general, union welders make more money than their non-union counterparts; however, your earnings depend on your welding degree, certifications, and experience. According to Comparably, the US median salary of union welders is $69,910. 

On average, the salary of unionized workers is higher than non-unionized workers. According to statistics released in 2021, union welders averaged $43,891, and non-union welders earn just under $40,000 a year.

How Hard is it Getting into a Welding Union?

These days, it is relatively challenging to join welders’ unions since many US Labor Laws post massive strike waves have made it difficult for organizing unions in the first place. This is further exacerbated by the fact that the courts have allowed the removal of membership fees and dues payment to workers who are not in favor of union representation.

FAQs

Conclusion

Whether or not to join a welders union is a crucial decision every welder will have to make pretty early in one’s career. Joining a welder union has many benefits such as collective bargaining power to demand better wages, workplace safety, retirement benefits, work-life balance, sick paid leaves, etc.

On the downside, joining a union could sometimes lead to disharmony or discord with the company and the union itself. Moreover, joining unions is tough these days, thanks to strict amendments in Labor Laws.

As Alexander Hertel-Fernandez – associate professor of international and public affairs at Columbia University, puts it: “Unions may not be perfect, but they are still a worker’s (welder’s) best shot at securing dignity and rights on the job.”

Pipeliners build and maintain pipelines that distribute oil, gas, or other liquids so we have the energy to power our everyday lives. Under the umbrella of “pipeliner,” there are various jobs such as operator, fabricator, and welding inspector, all working together to provide vital resources.

Developing and maintaining these vast networks of pipelines is not an easy job. But how much does a pipeliner earn, and what is required to become a pipeliner?

We will discuss all these details in this post, so keep reading.

What are Pipeliners?

Pipeliners are the crew that works on pipelines across the globe. These men and women build, maintain, and operate networks of pipes and associated pumping stations used for transporting oil or natural gas safely to their destinations all over our planet.

Maintaining these complex networks requires exceptional skills like knowing how much pressure is too much when dealing with pipe integrity, valve usage, welding strength, and understanding gas toxicity and flammability.

Therefore, this job requires both physical and mental skills and has good perks. But how do you become a pipeline welder?

How Do You Become a Pipeline Welder?

Pipeliners build and fix pipelines in different environments. They might have to work underwater or on high altitudes. This job requires problem-solving skills, physical stamina, and mechanical finesse.

The job requires you to construct and install pipes and inspect piping materials to ensure that the piping meets mandatory specifications.

As a pipeline welder, you will have to use diagrams and blueprints to assemble metal pipes according to the code. Most jobs require an applicant to have either a welding degree or certificate to verify their skills.

Pipeliners have to follow strict safety protocols to reduce injury risk and maintain quality work for their clients while performing their job.

You might not have to have an extended academic qualification to work in this role, but you must take some steps to be a pipeliner.

An apprenticeship

Most pipelining apprenticeships can last from 3 to 4 years. These include classroom instructions along with worksite training. Most of these programs need approximately 2000 training hours under a supervisor who is a skilled pipeline welder.

Here you will learn to operate different machinery and tools that you will use on the job. You will also learn to use and read blueprints, communicate with clients or colleagues, and sort out common problems.

You will get adequate exposure to become a pipeline welder with an apprenticeship. Hence, you will get the opportunity to observe other pipeliners working.

With an apprenticeship, you will have a better chance to get hired by employers looking for people who don’t need any additional training. Apprenticeship programs are offered through welding unions or on the job.

Certification

Most employers prefer employing certified pipeliners. Therefore, becoming certified in your field will increase your chances of employment. With this certification, you are presenting yourself as a knowledgeable and skillful pipeliner, even if you do not have much experience under your belt.

For this certification, you can attend a trade school or complete the online training and certification by AWS (American Welding Society). You will not need any prior experience to get this certification. However, you will have to renew your certification every six months to remain valid.

This certification has three parts:

• Weld test demonstrating the neatness and precision of your welds.
• Mechanical test to test the durability of your weld
• Radiographic test to see the X-ray scans of your welds for any weaknesses.

Resume update

You will have to list all your recent and past relevant jobs, which is essential to help you get hired. A good resume should include your training, skills, experience, and education in the pipelining field.

What is the Average Salary of Pipeliners?

Pipeliners can receive a pretty good salary and perks. It is especially the case if you are a pipeline welder in the oil and gas industry.

The median wage for this role is around USD 58,000 annually. At the low end of the median pay scale, the average salary is USD 53,000, and at the top, it is USD 89,000 annually.

Senior pipeliners with several years of experience under their belt can earn over USD 110,000 per annum. It often includes shift premiums or differentials and overtime pay.

Most pipeline welders receive dental and health insurance, sick days, holidays, and paid vacations. Pension and retirement plans are also part of the perks, profit-sharing plans, and other bonuses.

Union employees’ wages and perks are negotiated with local union representatives or company representatives. The pay rates can vary widely from one company to another and one region to another.

Where are the Best Pipeliner Jobs?

Here is a list of some of the best pipeliner jobs in the US:

●     Colorado Spring Utilities

Job Title – Gas Pipeline Engineer

Location – Colorado Springs, CO

Pay – USD 100,532 to USD 125,665 per annum

Qualifications – CAD, Bachelor’s degree, Engineer in Training, US work authorization

Benefits – Wellness program, health insurance, life insurance, relocation assistance, and disability insurance

●     Freese and Nichols

Job Title – Oil & Gas Pipeline Engineer

Location – Remote

Pay – USD 77,000 to USD 100,000 yearly

Qualifications – ASME Codes, Bachelor’s/Master’s Degree, Communication skills

Benefits – 401(k) matching, health insurance, work from home, tuition reimbursement

●     Peoples Natural Gas

Job Title – Construction Supervisor

Location – Etna, PA

Pay – USD 73,000 to USD 100,000 annually

Qualifications – Leadership, GIS, Bachelor’s degree, Constructions, Supervising experience

Benefits – Life insurance, disability insurance, promotion opportunities, vision insurance, health insurance

Pipeliner Job Duties

Pipeliners can work in a variety of jobs. They can work in nuclear power plants, construction sites, and auto manufacturing facilities. Some of their duties include:

• Solving various problems associated with piping
• Reading diagrams and blueprints
• Fusing and assembling pipes using welding tools
• Using appropriate equipment for different welding techniques
• Preparation of welding materials
• Make sure the welds follow the code and specifications
• Following all the safety procedures

Mandatory Pipeliner Skills

Apart from the practical know-how, you need to have various other skills as a pipeliner:

●     Physical endurance

You have to stay in shape as a pipeliner, as you might have to do your job in remote areas under extreme conditions. Pipeliners have to be on their feet at all times. They might also need to crawl or lift heavy objects on the job.

●     Detail-oriented

You have to review diagrams and blueprints as a pipeliner. So, it would be best if you were detail-oriented. Precise measurements are a must so pipes can line up correctly following strict codes and specifications.

●     Problem-solving skills

Pipeliners have to fix problems as they arise within these pipes. So, it would help if you were prepared to deal with issues while you are at work, like tools breaking or pipe bursting.

●     Machine operation skills

Pipeliners have to operate various welding equipment and fitting tools. Furthermore, you must understand how to use different pipe-cutting tools and crane alignment. As a pipeliner, you need to use these tools and machinery effectively and productively.

●     Communication skills

Pipeliners have to work in different teams on different projects. Therefore, they must have communication skills. They must guide their team and ask questions if they are not sure about anything.

Final Word

Pipeliners are pretty skillful people in their field. They know how to handle various problems that might arise on a worksite. However, this job is all about precision and accuracy. And it will only come when you have experience.

Therefore, you will need to work on different projects to gain experience and exposure. Of course, a college diploma and an apprenticeship will get you going in the field. But with a certification, you will have better chances of steady growth in your field.

Moreover, you will also have to be in good shape because pipeliners have to spend most of their time standing on their feet, and there are times when they have to work in harsh conditions.

The best welding degree to earn the most money is Certified Radiographic Interpreter/CRI. These welding specialists earn up to $127,000 per year. Some highly experienced welding inspectors make up to $300,000 per year. Welding engineering is another top welding degree that can reach $112,000 annually.

Naturally, you must hone your welding skills, and there are numerous ways to go about it. You can get on-the-job training or go to a good vocational or technical school to learn. 

In any case, you can progress rapidly in this field. To earn the higher end of the wage scale, you must opt for repeat certifications and keep yourself up-to-date with the latest advances in the area. That way, you can consider many exciting positions such as welding supervisor, underwater welder, nuclear welder, site supervisor, military support welder, etc.

In this guide, we will cover:

• What is the highest-paid welding job?
• What are different welding degrees and which pay the most money?
• And more…

What is the Highest-Paid Welding Job?

Welding is a job that pays well. It’s also a profession with many different types of jobs and responsibilities. For example, some welders work in manufacturing, while others might do welding for the construction industry.

Still, others may be employed as a welding inspectors by the military or at an automobile factory. We all know one thing about welders: they make good money. But not all welding jobs pay equally well – there can be quite a bit of variation in earnings depending on where you work and what type of welding experience you have.

In short: the answer to the question: “what is the highest-paid welding job” is welding inspector. This job is fraught with a lot of responsibility and entails hands-on examination and vetting of the welds with the visual and physical examinations. That is why some inspectors get paid as high as $300,000 a year.

Here is a list of welding jobs along with their median salaries:

Basic welding technician

A basic welding technician earns between $30,000 and $60,000. You need to have received your basic certification from a technical school, college, or a company-sponsored training seminar. Welding techs also need to know different welding techniques.

Welding supervisors

According to Glassdoor, the average salary of a welding supervisor is about $54,000; however, the pay rate can vary from location to location. Some supervisors make up to $75,000 in places like Alaska, Hawaii, Wyoming, and Washington, DC, where there is a great demand for welders.

Welding inspectors

Welding inspectors typically don’t work quite as hard as the welders. Their job is primarily to ensure welds are completed correctly and to the specifications of the American Welding Society (AWS).

To be an effective welding inspector, you need to be knowledgeable about various welding techniques, understand metals, safety procedures, and pay attention to details.

A good inspector should also have excellent management and communication skills. According to a source, a welding inspector’s median salary is $63,170. Some even make as much as $300,000 per year!

Welding engineers

A welding engineer is the one who makes sure that all Welders are efficient, and produce high-quality welds. They possess multiple certifications for a variety of different processes in order to ensure efficiency throughout every step.

To be a welding engineer you typically have to have a bachelor’s degree in welding engineering and pass a 4-part exam plus have a year’s experience on the job.

According to PayScale, the average salary most welding engineers make is about $77,000. The top 10% of engineers can make a lot more depending on their location and experience.

Welding educators/instructors

According to Glassdoor, the lowest salary for welding instructors in the USA is about $44,000, and the highest is $86,000.

Welding Degrees – Different Ones Available and Highest Paid

According to AWS, you have many options and specialized certification programs. These are some specialized certifications available:

Certified Welder Program

• Prerequisites – None
• The course covers – procedures related to steel, petroleum, pipeline, and chemical refinery welding. You can appear for the certification through an AWS accredited school.
• Total cost – You could spend between $800 and $1000 on course materials and examinations.
• The hourly wage for certified welders in the USA is $25/hour. The median salary for certified welders in the US is $42000.

Associate Welding Inspector Certification/AWS-CAWI

• Prerequisites – Minimum education of 8th-grade pass/10+2 diploma, 8th grade plus 1-year vocational training. If less than 8th grade, then one needs the experience of at least 6 years.
• Cost – In 2020, the cost of the AWS-CAWI exam was around $1070 for members of AWS and $1325 for non-members.
• The hourly wage for certified welding inspectors (according to Salary.com) is $28/hour and the median salary is $64,000.

Senior Welding Inspector Certification/CSWIP

• Prerequisites – This is a renewal certification available for experienced welders and quality control staff or those with certification in welding to be renewed every 3 years. Those with no welding experience need to attend a course on Visual Inspection of Welds.
• The total cost of certification renewal is between $525 and $1090.
• Hourly pay for senior welding inspectors is between $22 and $31 per hour. Some experienced inspectors also made up to $43 per hour. The median annual salary of senior welding inspectors is in the range of $74,000. CSWIPs that are willing to travel can even make up to $75/hour.

Welding Educator Certification

• Prerequisites – High school diploma with other certifications. Some employers ask for apprenticeships or post-secondary education.
• Welding school fees are about $5000 for courses ranging between 3 to 7 months.
• The national average salary of a welding instructor in the US is about $61,000.

Resistance Welding Technician

• Prerequisites – high school diploma, military or state-approved GED/post-high school GED
• Cost of course plus exams – $855 for members of AWS and about $1100 for non-members.
• According to Glassdoor, the average national salary of resistance welders is $45,000.

Radiographic Interpreter/CRI

• This is a course designed for people whose job entails reading weld radiographs.
• The 30-day online course costs about $175 for members and $235 for non-members.
• According to PayScale, the median salary of certified radiograph interpreters is about $127,000 per year.

Welding Supervisor

• Prerequisites – high school diploma, military or state-approved GED/post-high school GED, and/or 3 years experience in welding.
• CWS renewal certification is about $500 for members.
• The national average salary of welding supervisors in the US is $55,000.

Welding Sales Representative

• There are no prerequisites for taking the 30-day welding sales representative course. Anyone who wants to transition into sales from welding can take it.
• Fees for the course are $450 for members and $600 for non-members.
• As per ZipRecruiter.com, the average salary for sales in welding is about $59,849.

Welding Engineer

• Bachelor’s degree in welding or materials engineering. This is a 2 or 3 yr course offered by schools having approval from the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). You need a background in science and math with a high school diploma or a general educational development certificate. After graduation, you could intern in a company that needs welding engineers. You can choose to do a Master’s in Welding Engineering to further your career.
• Fees vary from institute to institute
• The average salary is $51/hour or $106,026 per annum.

Robotic Arc Welding/CRAW certification

• Prerequisites for CRAW are a high school diploma or state/military approved high school equivalency. Or, you could have (at least) 6 months of experience in manual or semi-automatic arc welding. You could even hold current CWI certification.
• Fees are $395 for exam/retest for members of AWS. They vary if you are looking to upgrade from operator to technician.
• According to Talent, the average welding robot operator salary is $24,741. Robotic weld technicians get paid nearly $64,000 with the median being $53,540.

As can be seen, the welding degree or certification that earns the most is the Radiographic Interpreter with a median annual salary of $127000. This is closely followed by senior welding inspectors or CSWIPs that are willing to travel. Highly-qualified and experienced welding engineers also make over $100,000.

How Much Does a Pipe Welder Make?

I live in Louisiana, where pipe welders are in high demand. They are used on offshore oil platforms, refineries, and tank farms across our state. But pipe welders don’t only work in the oil industry; they are needed in many industries.

Pipe welders are essential in the construction and manufacturing industry for many projects. They fabricate and join metal piping components according to specifications. Their job may include working onsite or in the field.

Because of the high level of skill required in many pipe-welding jobs, pipe welders receive some of the highest pay rates. Top earners can make up to $100,000, with the average salary being $69,000.

What Are the Salaries of Union Welders?

Unions were created to protect the workers from being taken advantage of and had an initial role as a cooperative association. Their first duty is to negotiate on behalf of their members with companies for fair wages and safe working conditions.

The salaries of union welders differ based on skillset, location, training, and experience. Unions are organized by local, state, and national chapters and negotiate pay rates and benefits for their members.

If you want to join a welding union, there is no one-size-fits-all approach. You have the option of joining different types of unions – including ironworkers, boilermakers, and pipefitters’.

For someone to be accepted in any union, they typically require certifications and participation in an apprenticeship program. There are many benefits of union membership beyond fair pay.

 The median salary of union welders is $64,168, and some union welders are even known to make up to $357,000.

How much is a nuclear welders salary?

Nuclear welders work on projects involving nuclear materials or devices. They are often employed to work on nuclear-powered ships and in the construction and repair of reactors for power plants around America; some may even end up welding underwater at these facilities.

Some nuclear welding jobs require government-level clearance, which requires welders to go through a rigorous background check. Once given the green light by authorities, they become Nuclear-Cleared and often receive higher pay than their counterparts without this certification.

As the name indicates, a nuclear welder welds pipes and components in nuclear equipment. Top earners make about $122000 in this field, while the median national salary is $67,000.

How Much is Underwater Welder Salary?

Underwater welders use their skills at fabrication (making), cutting, or welding underwater using special equipment and processes. They are in high demand in the offshore oil industry, shipping industry, and bridge construction; along with welding skills, you also need to be a certified diver.

Diver welders make around $83,000, and the average annual underwater welder salary is $54,000.

Conclusion & Key Takeaways

The income of a welder will dramatically vary from location to location and also depend upon the individual’s skill, experience level, and specialization. According to the US Department of Labor, as of 2020, the median pay for most welders was $44,190 per year or $21.25 per hour.

However, wages are increasing very fast in the welding field, so I suggest you consult the US Department of Labor updates regularly for the most recent information on welder’s wages.

Given the nationwide and globe-wide demand for skilled welders, you must look at these average figures just as reference points. You have a wide variety of industries and specializations to opt for. You could work for someone else or even strike out on your own.

Many welding jobs are highly paid and, with proper training and certifications combined with the right attitude, you can easily get on the high end of the wage scale.